A description of a four-phase RC oscillator of a sinusoidal and rectangular shape is given. A triangular-shaped signal is obtained by the counterphase addition of half-waves of sinusoidal signals ...

Chirp signals are fast, accurate, and provide information that may be more difficult to obtain in other ways, as Mark A Martin, Jayant Datta and Xinhui Zhou explain. Figure 1: The frequencies of the ...

This article is part of the Ideas for Design Series: Vol. 3, No. 7. This simple, robust, and low-cost signal generator, based on the LM386 power amplifier IC, provides a trio of audio-band signals ...

Optical or magnetic sensors for position and angle sensing in motion control systems generally provide sine and cosine signals for conversion. The 90° phase shift between sine and cosine allows ...

When evaluating the dynamic performance of precision analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) using fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, coherent sampling typically is used to accurately measure the ...

Lock-in amplifiers were invented in the 1930s [1, 2, 3] and commercialized [4] in the mid 20 th century as electrical instruments that are capable of extracting signal amplitudes and phases in ...