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  1. Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, & Facts | Britannica

    Nov 8, 2025 · Cooking, fermentation, glass making, and metallurgy are all chemical processes that date from the beginnings of civilization. Today, vinyl, Teflon, liquid crystals, semiconductors, and …

  2. Chemical compound | Definition, Examples, & Types | Britannica

    Nov 11, 2025 · All the matter in the universe is composed of the atoms of more than 100 different chemical elements, which are found both in pure form and combined in chemical compounds.

  3. Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types - Britannica

    Nov 30, 2025 · Substances are either chemical elements or compounds. A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.

  4. Chemical element | Definition, Origins, Distribution, & Facts - Britannica

    Nov 29, 2025 · A chemical element is any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes. Elements are the fundamental materials of which all …

  5. Chemical energy | Definition & Facts | Britannica

    The chemical energy in food is converted by the body into mechanical energy and heat. The chemical energy in coal is converted into electrical energy at a power plant. The chemical energy in a battery …

  6. Chemical formula | Definition, Types, Examples, & Facts | Britannica

    Nov 1, 2025 · Chemical formula, any of several kinds of expressions of the composition or structure of chemical compounds. The forms commonly encountered are empirical, molecular, structural, and …

  7. Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) | Britannica

    Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), international treaty that bans the use of chemical weapons in war and prohibits all development, production, acquisition, stockpiling, or transfer of such weapons.

  8. Chemical industry | Overview, Importance, & History | Britannica

    Dec 5, 2025 · Chemical industry, complex of processes, operations, and organizations engaged in the manufacture of chemicals and their derivatives. Raw materials include fossil fuels and inorganic …

  9. Chemical castration | Usage, Treatment, Legality, & Facts | Britannica

    Chemical castration differs from surgical castration in that it is reversible and its effects typically stop when the drugs are ceased. Chemical castration is used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, …

  10. Chemical Banking Corporation | Merger, Acquisition, Rebranding ...

    Nov 14, 2025 · The merged company became the Chemical Banking Corporation. In 1996 the firm, which was by then the second-largest bank in the United States, merged with another New York …